When your eyes are itchy, your nose is runny, and you can’t stop sneezing, it’s easy to assume you’re coming down with a cold. But could it actually be allergies?
Since colds and allergies share many overlapping symptoms, it can be difficult to tell them apart. Understanding the differences will help you find relief and avoid unnecessary discomfort.
Key Differences Between Allergies and Colds
Both colds and allergies can cause sneezing, congestion, and a runny nose, but the underlying cause is completely different. Colds are caused by viruses, meaning they are contagious and can spread from person to person.
Allergies, on the other hand, are your immune system’s reaction to harmless substances like pollen, pet dander, or dust.
How Long Do Symptoms Last?
A cold typically runs its course in 7 to 10 days, while allergies can last for weeks or even months—as long as you’re exposed to the allergen. If your symptoms persist beyond the typical timeframe of a cold, allergies are likely to blame.
Fever & Body Aches
One of the most telling differences is the presence of fever or body aches, which are common with colds but not with allergies. If you’re experiencing chills, muscle soreness, or general fatigue, it’s more likely you’re dealing with a viral infection.
How Allergies Affect Your Eyes
One of the differences between allergies and colds is how your eyes feel. Allergic conjunctivitis is an eye condition triggered by allergens, leading to red, itchy, watery eyes.
Unlike a cold, allergies don’t produce thick mucus or cause eye infections, but they can make your eyes feel extremely irritated. You may also experience puffiness around the eyes, a result of histamine release in response to allergens.
This is especially common in people who suffer from seasonal allergies. If your symptoms flare up in spring or fall, or after exposure to pets, pollen, or dust, allergies are the likely culprit.
How to Treat Allergies vs. a Cold
- For Colds: Rest, stay hydrated, and use over-the-counter decongestants or pain relievers. Since colds are viral, antibiotics won’t help—your body just needs time to fight off the infection.
- For Allergies: Avoid known triggers, use antihistamines to reduce the immune response, and try prescription or over-the-counter allergy eye drops to soothe irritation. Wearing sunglasses outdoors can also help reduce exposure to allergens.
When to See an Eye Doctor
If you’re experiencing persistent red, itchy, or swollen eyes that don’t improve with allergy medications, you may need a professional evaluation.
Chronic eye irritation could indicate dry eye syndrome, an underlying eye condition, or a need for prescription-strength allergy treatment.
Richmond Hill Optometric Clinic specializes in diagnosing and treating eye allergies and other vision concerns. If you’re struggling with discomfort, schedule an appointment today to get to the root of the problem and find lasting relief!